Combined nozzle



March 14, 1961 B. LISTON COMBINED NOZZLE Filed Jan. 15, 1958 INVENTORI BOHUSLAV LISTON United States Patent COMBINED NOZZLE Bohuslav Liston, Prague, Czechoslovakia, assignor to Vyzkumny a zkusebni letecky ustav, Prague, Czechoslovalria Filed Jan. 15, 1958, Ser. No. 709,103

Claims priority, application Czechoslovakia Jan. 26, 1957 3 Claims. (239-563) The present invention relates to a nozzle for atomizing liquid substances and is particularly directed to a nozzle for spreading insecticides from an aircraft for the extermination of harmful insects.

Harmful insects in agriculture and in forests are frequently dealt with by spreading insecticides from aircraft, which are provided with devices enabling a uniform spreading ofthe substance over the stricken area.

The insecticide substances are rather frequently used in the form of solutions or emulsions thereof, which must be atomized into fine particles to obtain a perfect result. The atomization is achieved by forcing the solution or emulsion, under pressure, through a number of nozzles, which are usually arranged along the entire wing span of the aircraft. Thus, a large number of nozzles is required, and all of these nozzles must be adjustable if the rate of discharge of the atomized liquid has to be changed. In addition a check valve has to be provided between each nozzle and the distributing mains to prevent a trickling ofi of drops of the insecticide from the nozzles after cutting off the supply of the liquid. The existing arrangements are therefore rather complicated and expensive,

of the invention, will be apparent in the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment thereof Fig. 1 is an elevational view, partly broken away and in longitudinal section, of a nozzle embodying the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing in detail, it will be seen the the nozzle embodying the present invention comprises a substantially tubular body 1 provided with four longitudinally arranged rows of grooves or slots 2 cut in the outer surface and lying in planes which are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body 1. Each groove of slot 2 has a crescent-like configuration so that its bottom surface 2;; v(Fig. 2) is arcuate. The depth of the cut defining each groove 2 is greater than the thickness of body 1 so that a rectangular opening 3 is formed at the inner surface of the body 1 where each groove 2 intersects that inner surface, the width of this groove determining the dimension of the square or rectangular opening 3 in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of body 1. The grooves or slots 2 are spaced apart in the respective longitudinal rows so that the openings 3 form'a helix on the body 1. The machined grooves or slots 2, with the openings 3 defined thereby, form the external part of a so called flat nozzle.

A tubular bushing 4 fits tightly inside the body. 1, and

whichis to be read in connection with the accompanying '4 drawing, wherein:

Patented Mar. 14, 1961 tially spaced apart in the outer surface of bushing 4 so as to extend across the openings 3 of the body 1. The width of the longitudinal grooves 5 in the bushing 4 may be approximately equal to the width of the grooves 2 in the body 1 and determines the dimension, in the circumferential direction, of the rectangular or square nozzle orifice defined by eachopening 3 and a groove 5. The groove 5 in the bushing 4 forms the internal part of the so called flat nozzle. Since it is easily possible to maintain during manufacture, with practically any desired accuracy, the width of the grooves 2 and 5, it is thus also possible to accurately maintain the dimensions of the nozzle orifices. The grooves 5 communicate with the inner space of the bushing through openings 6 which are displaced, in the longitudinal direction, with respect to the openings 3 so as to avoid the direct issuing of the liquid from the openings 6 through the nozzle orifices.

The body 1 and the bushing 4 are closed at one end by a plug 7. This plug 7 is provided with a threaded bore through which an adjusting screw 8 extends. A tubular sleeve 9 is arranged slidably on the body 1. This sleeve 9 is provided, at one end, with a packing 10 to prevent leakage of the liquid from between sleeve 9 and body 1, while the other end of sleeve 9 is closed by an end wall 11 through which-the screw 8 extends rotatably. The screw 8 has a collar held against axial displacement relative to end wall 11 so that rotation of screw 8 causes axial displacement of sleeve 9 along body 1. A supply orifice 12 is provided at the end of the body 1 remote from plug 7.

The insecticide substance or any other substance to be atomized is supplied under pressure to the nozzle through the orifice 12 and bore 13 into the internal cavity of the bushing 4, from which it passes through the holes 6 into the grooves -5 and escapes through the nozzle orifices defined at the intersections of the grooves 5 and openings 3. The amount of the atomized liquid is adjusted by operating the screw 8, by means of which the tubular sleeve 9 is axially displaced with respect to the body 1, to cover a larger or smaller number of the nozzle orifices.

Thus a substantial simplification of the spreading device is achieved with simple means being provided for adjustment of the amount of atomized substance, and with locating of the spreading device on the aircraft being facilitated. When taking advantage of the vortices formed at the edges on the ends of the wings, the width of the treated area during one passage of the aircraft may be increased up to 70%. The exact dimensions of the nozzle orifices may be very easily maintained during manufacture, so that the combined nozzle according to this invention is exact and economical in performance and in manufacture.

What I claim is: l. A nozzle for atomizing liquid substances comprising a tubular body having longitudinally arranged rows of crescent-shaped slots extending inwardly from the outer surface of the body in planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said body-and intersecting the inner surface of the latter to define rectangular openings therein, a tubular bushing fitting closely in said body and having longitudinally extending grooves in its outer surface which are circumferentially located to extend across the rectangular openings defined by the longitudinally arranged at the inner surface of the body intersected by therelated grooves, and means defining an inlet for the liquid substance to be atomized opening into said interior of the. bii'shin'g so that liquid siibstaricze passes radially through said holes-and thenaxially along said grooves fiiiorto' is sixifig fadilly throfighsaid'noizle orifices. V

r 2. A-nezzle as'in elaim 1; wh rein said slots are spaced apart'in the related longitudinally arranged row'sto disjiose said rectangular openings along a helix atsa'id inner sin'face of the body.

3. A nozzle as in Claim 2, fufther com rising a sleeve axially 's'lidabl'e' on said tiibula'r body to cover selected numbers of said slots at the onter surface of the body and thereby close the related nozzle orifices, and means engaging said sleeve and body and operative to effect axial displacement of the sleeve relative to the body.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 497,937 Yandovv May 23, 1893 1,159,549 Thomas Nov. 9,1915 1,165,637 Thomas Dec. '28, 1915 1,594,306 Lenz et a1. July 27, 1926 2,318,769 Ereeman et a1. May 11, 1943 2,642,?) 14 Dupasquier June 16, 1953 

